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The term ‘Biedermeier’ refers to the style of German Art of the 19th Century that flourished in painting, interior design and architecture, as Neoclassical art was giving way to Romanticism.
Usually the name of an artistic movement reflects its essence or the intellectual programme of its founders; sometimes it even criticises past movements. The name Biedermeier, on the other hand, is the name of a fictional character (Gottlieb Biedermeier) who regularly appeared in the Munich Fliegende Blatter satirical magazine of the time. The character of Biedermeier was a metaphor for the German middle class.
[Source: visual-arts-cork.com]
[1420-10]
  Image source: 1st Art Gallery | Friedrich Gauermann was an Austrian painter. The son of the landscape painter Jacob Gauermann (1773–1843), he was born at Miesenbach near Gutenstein in Lower Austria. He was an early representative of the Veristic style devoted to nature in all its diversity. [Source: Wikimedia commons] |
| TITLE: | YEAR: | FORM: | GENRE: |
| Sheltering from the Storm | 1829 | Oil/Canvas | Landscape/ Animal painting |
| ARTIST: | DATES: | ORIGIN: | MOVEMENT: |
| Gauermann, Friedrich | 1807-1862, aged 54 | Austrian painter | Biedermeier |
| LOCATION: | SIZE (cms): | [1420-11] | |
| Unknown | 0 |
| Francis II was the last Holy Roman Emperor from 1792 to 1806 and, as Francis I, the first Emperor of Austria from 1804 to 1835. He assumed the title of Emperor of Austria in response to the coronation of Napoleon as Emperor of the French. Soon after Napoleon created the Confederation of the Rhine, Francis abdicated as Holy Roman Emperor. He was King of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia. He also served as the first president of the German Confederation following its establishment in 1815. [Source: Wikimedia commons] |   Image source: Wikimedia commons |
| TITLE: | YEAR: | FORM: | GENRE: |
| Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, Portrait of | 1832 | Oil/Canvas | Portrait |
| ARTIST: | DATES: | ORIGIN: | MOVEMENT: |
| von Amerling, Friedrich | 1803-1887, aged 83 | Austro-Hungarian painter | Biedermeier |
| LOCATION: | SIZE (cms): | [1420-12] | |
| Kunsthistorisches Museum, Wien | 260 x 164 |
  Image source: art.com | Carl Spitzweg was a German romanticist painter, especially of genre subjects. He is considered to be one of the most important artists of the Biedermeier era. Trained as a pharmacist, he took up painting while recovering from an illness, learning through studying and copying Old Master paintings. In his late twenties, he received a sizable inheritance, and the pharmacist became a full-time artist. He liked to tell stories within his paintings, and often combined a caricaturist’s gift for satire with a finely finished artistic realism. What makes this landscape painting so much fun is the simple act by the father of perching his top hat upon his walking stick and using them like an umbrella to shield himself from the sun. A barely visible child, holds onto his other hand, walking behind her father nearly consumed by the tall grasses. Morning glories bloom in riotous profusion in the foreground yet serve to somehow point the eye back to the central figures. [Source: thefamousartists.com] |
| TITLE: | YEAR: | FORM: | GENRE: |
| Sunday Stroll, The | 1841 | Oil/Wood | Genre Painting |
| ARTIST: | DATES: | ORIGIN: | MOVEMENT: |
| Spitzweg, Carl | 1808-1885, aged 77 | German painter | Biedermeier |
| LOCATION: | SIZE (cms): | [1420-13] | |
| Salzburg Museum | 53 x 41 |
| Henrik Wéber was a Hungarian portrait and history painter in the Realism movement. He is considered as one of the greatest Hungarian painters of the Biedermeier period. Henrik Weber was as an excellent portrait painter of his time and a significant figure in Hungarian history painting. Accordingly, he was one of the members of artists working on the creation of national art in the 1830s and 1840s. [Sourece: Wikimedia commons] |   Image source: ArtsDot.com |
| TITLE: | YEAR: | FORM: | GENRE: |
| Self Portrait | 1846 | Oil/Canvas | Portrait |
| ARTIST: | DATES: | ORIGIN: | MOVEMENT: |
| Weber, Henrik | 1818-1866, aged 48 | Hungarian painter | Biedermeier |
| LOCATION: | SIZE (cms): | [1420-14] | |
| Hungarian National Gallery. Budapest, Szent György tér 2, 1014 Hungary | 0 |
  Image source: WikiArt | Giuseppe Tominz also known as Jožef Tominc was an Italian painter of Italian and Slovenian origin, who lived and worked in the Austrian Empire and in ISlovenia. He was one of the most prominent portraitists of the Biedermeier period. He became renowned for his realistic portraits. [Source: hellenicaworld.com] |
| TITLE: | YEAR: | FORM: | GENRE: |
| Pietro Stanislao Parisi with family | 1849 | Oil/Canvas | Portrait |
| ARTIST: | DATES: | ORIGIN: | MOVEMENT: |
| Tominc, Jožef | 1780-1866, aged 86 | Italian-Slovene painter | Biedermeier |
| LOCATION: | SIZE (cms): | [1420-15] | |
| Private collection | 116 x 156 |
| The Hungarian National Gallery preserves several paintings and drawings of this master of the Biedermeier painting. [Source: Wikimedia commons] |   Image source: WikiArt |
| TITLE: | YEAR: | FORM: | GENRE: |
| Romantic Scene | 1851 | Oil/Canvas | Landscape |
| ARTIST: | DATES: | ORIGIN: | MOVEMENT: |
| Weber, Henrik | 1818-1866, aged 48 | Hungarian painter | Biedermeier |
| LOCATION: | SIZE (cms): | [1420-16] | |
| Private collection | 65 x 82 |
  Image source: Wikimedia commons | Waldmüller was an Austrian painter and writer. Waldmüller was one of the most important Austrian painters of the Biedermeier period. Whether it was the conquest of the landscape and thus the convincing rendering of closeness or distance, the accurate characterisation of the human face, the detailed and refined description of textures, or the depiction of rural everyday life: his works – brilliant, explanatory, moralising, and socially critical – influenced a whole generation of artists. [Source: Wikimedia commons] |
| TITLE: | YEAR: | FORM: | GENRE: |
| Morning of the Feast of Corpus Christi, The (Am Fronleichnamsmorgen) | 1857 | Oil/panel | Genre Painting |
| ARTIST: | DATES: | ORIGIN: | MOVEMENT: |
| Waldmüller, Ferdinand Georg | 1795-1865, aged 70 | German painter | Biedermeier |
| LOCATION: | SIZE (cms): | ||
| Österreichische Galerie Belvedere Palace and Museum, Vienna | 65 x 82 |
Forward to 1.4.3 Realism and Barbizon Index – 1.5 Impressionism (1860-1930)
Back to 1.4.1 Norwich School – 1.3 Renaissance to Romanticism (1300-1800) – 1 Art and Sculpture
